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This process is typically observed in metal complexes, catalytic nanoplatforms, or enzyme-facilitated electron transfer systems, rather than as a simple direct reaction of free GSH with metal ions

Pol Merkur Lekarski 48(284):124127 Alkadi H (2020) A review on free radicals and antioxidants

The calmodulin subunits facilitate the flow of electrons from NADPH to the heme moiety in the oxygenase domain of the enzyme

Conversely, copper can also induce cytotoxicity through ROS accumulation and high mitochondrial-dependent energy metabolism, in a process called cuproptosis (374, 375)

Front Cell Neurosci 2016

[DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] [39].Chen XJ, Butow RA