types of l carnitine differences Carnitine: Genetic Variants Affecting Mitochondrial Energy and Health L-Carnitine | Linus Pauling Institute
Description
K., Stumpp, T

[DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 133.Sumi C., Okamoto A., Tanaka H., Nishi K., Kusunoki M., Shoji T., Uba T., Matsuo Y., Adachi T., Hayashi J.I., et al
Its used to create several powerful catecholamine neurotransmitters including epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and dopamine - so you can see why nootropic users enjoy it

These increases in decay and damage, and memory loss itself, can be partially reversed in old rats by feeding acetyl-L-carnitine
doi: 10.1002/mus.27034

E-471 , -
