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Rotenone-induced PC12 cell toxicity is caused by oxidative stress resulting from altered dopamine metabolism

, Kim, C

However, more complex or conflicting results have also been published [180,181]

When the system X c - is dysfunctional or inhibited, the levels of cysteine and GSH inside the cell decrease, leading to an exacerbation of intracellular oxidative stress, resulting in the accumulation of lipid peroxides and ultimately triggering ferroptosis ( c - can help in maintaining intracellular redox balance, inhibiting the occurrence of ferroptosis, and potentially have therapeutic effects for various diseases, such as cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) ( 2.2.2 FSP1/CoQ10/NADPH pathway Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1(FSP1) is a protein capable of participating in iron-sulfur cluster modifications, transferring iron-sulfur clusters from mitochondria to target proteins ( 2.2.3 DHODH pathway Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is a mitochondrial inner membrane enzyme that plays a role in important metabolic pathways such as cytochrome P450, purine synthesis, and fatty acid metabolism ( Figure 5

The possible explanation for the increased spontaneous acrosome reaction as seen in this study could be due to inhibition of PKA, actin polymerisation or CAMKII and PLD pathways, which needs to be further interrogated