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So, biohackers and peptide scientists got smart

Increase in levels of glutamate plus glutamine (the so called Glx) but not of GABA were found to increase in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during working memory demand in humans (Oh et al., 2024)

Exp Mol Med 2013

Foster AE, Okur FV, Biagi E, Lu A, Dotti G, Yvon E, Savoldo B, Carrum G, Andreeff M , Goodell MA, Heslop HE, Brenner MK

Those changes persist after the peptide itself has been degraded

Horizontal gene transfer mediated by plasmids, transposons, integrative conjugative elements, and even bacteriophages facilitate the rapid spread of resistance and virulence genes in K