oral l-carnitine metabolite formation and hemodialysis Comprehensive review of the expanding roles of the carnitine pool in metabolic physiology: beyond fatty acid oxidation Carnitine Deficiency in Chronic Kidney
Description
von Schenck U, Bender-Gotze C, Koletzko B

Antioxidant Armour: In the battle against free radicals and environmental stressors, you need some antioxidant armour

Schachter J, Ribas A, Long GV, Arance A, Grob JJ, Mortier L, et al

PMID 21460264

The 500 mcg per-capsule dose mirrors the per-day intake used in the bulk of rodent oral studies, and the gastric origin of the parent molecule provides a biological rationale for stability through the GI tract a feature documented across multiple oral-administration preclinical models

It neutralizes oxidative stress and supports cellular repair
