glutathione is for skin whitening lightening: a regnant myth or evidence-based verity? My Top 3 pick that's

It plays a central role in maintaining cellular redox balance, functioning in antioxidant defense, detoxification, and redox homeostasis (Lu, 2013

in addition, a mutual cis competition was found in the mitochondrial transport of 2-oxoglutarate and GSH (26)

doi: 10.3390/antiox10091442 35 PrajapatiDPataniAJainTPatelASinghS

However, GPX1 mRNA level is not affected by selenium level, which suggests that human GPX1 gene is regulated post-transcriptionally by selenium (37,38)

Molecular weight: ~286.1 g/mol

Betaine is utilised in most tissues as an osmoproctectant in addition to its primary role as a methyl group donor in liver metabolism (reviewed by Zhao et al, 2018)