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Arch Toxicol Suppl 1980

Recent research has identified and dubbed a novel regulatory cell death modalitycuprotosiswherein copper ions bind to acylated proteins in the tricarboxylic acid cycle of mitochondrial respiration, resulting in protein aggregation, subsequent downregulation of iron-sulfur cluster protein expression, induction of proteotoxic stress, and eventual cell death

10.1016/j.cmet.2013.12.008 142 Lpez-OtnC.GalluzziL.FreijeJ

J Med Invest (2018) 65(1.2):917

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Another company-funded study found that taking 2 grams of Magtein daily for 6 weeks slightly improved scores on a test assessing general cognitive ability compared to placebo among otherwise healthy adults with self-reported poor sleep , but there were no between-group differences in measures of new problem-solving skills, learned knowledge, fluid intelligence (which is linked with skill such as comprehension, problem-solving, and learning), or sleep (Lopresti, Front Nutr 2026)