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Right now, no study has directly linked it to cancer

These products use an e-liquid that may contain nicotine, as well as flavourings, propylene glycol, vegetable glycerine, and other ingredients

Kim CS, Choi JS, Bae EH, Kim SW

The coating liquid recipe was as follows: 40% of smoke agent (including 12% of propylene glycol and 28% of glycerol), 8% of essence and fragrance, and 52% of tobacco extract concentrated solution

is the only car cigarette odor eliminator that truly works for the longer term

Researchers compare mortality risks from ambient PM2.5 exposure with known risks from cigarette smoking, drawing from global datasets such as the Global Burden of Disease project