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48 h exposure to flavoured liquid or condensate significantly reduced MG-63 viability, likely attributable to oxidative stress [30]

Children exposed to secondhand smoke require more ear tube surgeries than those who are not exposed

by altering the pattern of activation of the nicotine receptors (that is, their sensitivity to neurotransmitter)

Although the health risks of SLT are generally considered to be lower than for combusted tobacco products, their use is associated with increased risk of certain cancers, particularly those of the head and neck, as well as cardiovascular disease and dental diseases 3

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Table 3 Incidence and aHR of Developing CD According to Smoking Status and Onset Age of Smoking Subgroup analyses Subgroup analyses evaluated whether the relationship between the onset age of smoking and the risk of UC was influenced by sex, BMI, metabolic syndrome, alcohol consumption, or regular exercise after adjusting for age, sex, income, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, BMI, metabolic syndrome, and peak year of smoking