glp-1 glp-2 dual agonist The Emerging Role of and GIP Receptor Agonists in Glycemic Management and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Designing a dual GLP-1R/GIPR agonist

JAMA Netw Open 6:e237188

While effective at achieving and maintaining weight loss, long-term use of incretin mimetics is likely needed to maintain weight since weight regain is common following drug discontinuation, with a return to baseline within a year 12,13

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide signaling pathways in endothelial cells

Due to the promotive effect of GLP-1R agonism on -cells proliferation and survival, concerns of tumorigenesis, especially pancreatic cancers, have been raised about incretin-based therapies (89)

This early failure curve is consistent with tachyphylaxis, a reduced drug response after prolonged exposure

Ideal candidates typically: Have struggled with weight control despite lifestyle modification Display signs of insulin resistance or metabolic syndrome Require medical assistance to prevent progression of obesity-related diseases Exclusion criteria may include individuals with a history of certain endocrine disorders, pancreatitis, or specific gastrointestinal diseases