dpp 4 inhibitors vs glp 1 agonist PDB-101: Diabetes Mellitus: Diabetes Mellitus: undefined: DPP4 The effect of DPP-4 inhibitors,

Notably, whereas Gcg is robustly expressed in -cells, its expression is suppressed in -cells through binding of pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1), Pax4, and homeobox protein Nkx6.1 to the G1 element, thereby competitively preventing the binding of Pax6/Maf heterodimers to the G1 element (Figure 2) [100,139,140]

J Endocrinol (2009) 202(3):4319

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However, conflicting evidence highlights context-dependent risks, such as early DR worsening in poorly controlled glycemic states

Ludvik B, Giorgino F, Jodar E, Frias JP, Fernandez Lando L, Brown K, et al

Ann Transl Med (2021) 9(14):1156