combining glp-1 receptor agonist with dpp-4 inhibitor not recommended guideline Clinical Focus on Agonists in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mechanisms of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4)

Challenges, Limitations, and Future Directions While the therapeutic potential of GLP-1 agonists in cardiovascular medicine is significant, several obstacles, evidence gaps, and safety considerations must be addressed to realize their full global impact and ensure their optimal use

Sapir T., Shternhall K., MeivarLevy I., et al., CellReplacement Therapy for Diabetes: Generating Functional InsulinProducing Tissue From Adult Human Liver Cells, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102, no

KruskalWallis test, p-value=0.016)

In addition to being approved to treat T2DM, GLP-1 RAs prevented the development of new-onset T2DM in overweight/obese participants as exemplified by semaglutide in the SELECT CVOT (NCT03574597) [HR for HbA1c 6.5%: 0.27 (95% CI 0.240.31)] [48]

Some of the more common side effects include: Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Constipation Abdominal pain Overdose signs and symptoms are similar to side effects, however, the duration of symptoms may last longer

In a pre-clinical trial, patients with moderate PD who received subcutaneous injection of 2 mg exenatide once a week had an advantage of 3.5 points in the mds-updrs exercise scale over the placebo group (74)