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Regarding pharmacodynamics, TZP appears as a biased GLP-1R-GIPR co-agonist, because of its positive effects on cAMP generation over -arrestin recruitment, which is conversely stimulated by GLP-1R

As with glucagon, the structural similarity of GLP-1 and GIP provided the opportunity for rationally engineering single molecules of chimeric design [937]

doi: 10.1210/jc.2011-2407

doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3007218 [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 45
This finding demonstrates the robust activity of tirzepatide at the alpha cell GIPR that outweighs inhibitory actions produced by GLP-1R agonism and provides additional evidence that tirzepatide has important activity at the GIPR in human islets

Kushner, for joining us today
