do glp 1 agonists cause muscle loss matters: the effects of medically induced weight on skeletal muscle Muscle Loss with GLP-1 Medications:

Renal protection by sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and its underlying mechanisms in diabetic kidney disease

& Ingwersen, S

The oral non-peptide GLP-1 receptor agonist market was dominated by North America in 2025 due to the high prevalence of obesity and diabetes, strong pharmaceutical research capabilities, and widespread adoption of innovative therapeutics

Additionally, production and supply constraints, including high manufacturing costs and limited scalability, pose significant barriers

Persistence is further affected by external factors such as cost and access

Most of the included studies compared the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists with insulin and metformin