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Headache 46 , 182 (2006)

Interestingly, it has been found that this syndrome can also be caused by a mutation in the mitochondrial ribosomal protein MRPS22 with deficiencies of OXPHOS complexes I, III, and IV in fibroblast mitochondria [392]

A standard supplementation cycle lasts 8-12 weeks

Anything below 0.3 mmol/L was considered negative

In animal experiments, administration of the probiotic strains Lactobacillus plantarum ZDY04 (Qiu et al., 2018) and Enterobacter aerogenes ZDY01 (Qiu et al., 2017) markedly decreased choline-induced cecal TMA and serum TMAO levels by remodeling the gut microbiota in mice

[DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 85.Genazzani AD, Lanzoni C, Ricchieri F, Santagni S, Rattighieri E, Chierchia E, et al